Head injury or Traumatic Brain injury occurs to the skull, and scalp, due to the external technical force causing brain dysfunction. Head injury usually occurs due to violent pressure on the head of the body causing damage to the skull. The disease may range from mild bump to traumatic brain injury which includes concussion, skull fractures, Scalp wounds, brain hemorrhage and internal brain damage like brain swelling and contusion.
A skull fracture is any break in the cranial bone, also known as the skull. There are many types of skull fractures, but only one major cause: an impact or a blow to the head that’s strong enough to break the bone. An injury to the brain can also accompany the fracture, but that’s not always the case. A fracture isn’t always easy to see. However, symptoms that can indicate a fracture include:
A brain bleeds or brain hemorrhage as it is called is bleeding in or around the brain. It can occur spontaneously as a large hemorrhage, with sudden onset catastrophic symptoms or it can occur gradually where it bleeds slowly over some time, with no apparent symptoms at all. It is said that almost 13% of strokes are caused because of hemorrhagic causes. It can be Traumatic or Spontaneous.
A brain aneurysm, also called a cerebral aneurysm, occurs as a result of a weak spot on the walls of the blood vessels which supply the brain, causing this area to balloon out and bulge. With time the wall of the vessel in this region becomes thinner and weaker as the blood flows through it continuously. And when the pressure is too much to handle the aneurysm will rupture, resulting in bleeding into the brain tissue, which is a medical emergency and requires immediate and advanced surgical intervention.
A brain tumor is the abnormal growth of cells within the brain tissue. It can arise directly from the brain tissue, which is known as a primary brain tumor, or it can be due to cancer cells depositing in the brain from elsewhere in the body, which is known as secondary brain tumors/deposits.
A brain abscess is a collection of pus that develops in response to an infection or trauma. It remains a serious and potentially life-threatening condition.
Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid normally flows through the ventricles and bathes the brain and spinal column. But the pressure of too much cerebrospinal fluid associated with hydrocephalus can damage brain tissues and cause a range of brain function problems.
Myelomeningocele is a type of spina bifida — a birth defect in which your baby’s spine and spinal canal don’t close before birth. Healthcare providers can usually diagnose myelomeningocele during pregnancy and perform surgery during pregnancy or after birth to repair the opening in your baby’s spine.